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Question 1: Which mode of nutrition involves organisms making their own food using sunlight and chlorophyll?
- Parasitic
- Autotrophic โ correct
- Saprophytic
- Heterotrophic
Explanation: Autotrophic nutrition is the process where green plants synthesize their own food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and chlorophyll, which is a key concept in plant biology.
Question 2: What is the primary site for the digestion and absorption of food in the human alimentary canal?
- Stomach
- Large intestine
- Small intestine โ correct
- Oesophagus
Explanation: The small intestine is the main site of digestion and absorption of food in humans, where nutrients are broken down and taken into the bloodstream.
Question 3: Which plant tissue is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots?
- Xylem โ correct
- Stomata
- Phloem
- Chloroplast
Explanation: Xylem is the specialized vascular tissue in plants that transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots upward to the stems and leaves.
Question 4: What is the functional unit of the kidney that helps in filtering blood and forming urine?
- Urethra
- Ureter
- Nephron โ correct
- Bladder
Explanation: Nephrons are the structural and functional units of the kidney, responsible for filtering blood and regulating the concentration of water and soluble substances in urine.
Question 5: Which process breaks down glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy?
- Photosynthesis
- Anaerobic respiration
- Excretion
- Aerobic respiration โ correct
Explanation: Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen, efficiently breaking down glucose to release energy, carbon dioxide, and water within the cells.
Question 6: What substance is transported by the phloem in plants?
- Sugars โ correct
- Water
- Minerals
- Oxygen
Explanation: Phloem is the tissue responsible for the translocation of sugars and other products of photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
Question 7: Which of these is NOT a main life process studied in the NCERT Class 10 curriculum?
- Respiration
- Nutrition
- Pollination โ correct
- Transportation
Explanation: The main life processes identified in the chapter are nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion. Pollination is a reproductive process, not a primary life process.
Question 8: What is the primary difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
- Presence of oxygen โ correct
- Type of glucose used
- Location in the body
- Need for sunlight
Explanation: The fundamental difference is the presence of oxygen; aerobic respiration requires oxygen to fully break down glucose, while anaerobic respiration occurs without it.
Question 9: Which organ in the human excretory system stores urine before it is expelled?
- Kidney
- Ureter
- Urethra
- Urinary bladder โ correct
Explanation: The urinary bladder is the muscular sac in the human excretory system that stores urine until it is ready to be released from the body through the urethra.
Question 10: How do heterotrophic organisms obtain their nutrition?
- By making their own food
- By using sunlight
- By absorbing minerals only
- From other plants or animals โ correct
Explanation: Heterotrophic nutrition is the mode where organisms cannot make their own food and must obtain ready-made nutrients from other plants, animals, or dead organic matter.