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Question 1: In which year was the Indian National Congress founded?
- 1885
- 1905
- 1947
- 1919
Answer: A. 1885
Explanation: The Indian National Congress was established in December 1885 in Bombay, marking a significant milestone in the organized political movement for Indian self-governance.
Question 2: Who is famously known as the 'Grand Old Man of India'?
- Bipin Chandra Pal
- Gopal Krishna Gokhale
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- Dadabhai Naoroji
Answer: D. Dadabhai Naoroji
Explanation: Dadabhai Naoroji earned this title due to his pioneering work in economics and his long-standing role as a prominent leader in the early Indian nationalist movement.
Question 3: Which 1919 event involved a tragic massacre in a public garden?
- Chauri Chaura
- Kakori Conspiracy
- Meerut Conspiracy
- Jallianwala Bagh
Answer: D. Jallianwala Bagh
Explanation: The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred in Amritsar in April 1919, when British troops fired upon a peaceful gathering, becoming a turning point in the freedom struggle.
Question 4: What was the primary goal of the 1930 Dandi March?
- Boycotting foreign cloth
- Demanding home rule
- Protesting land taxes
- Protesting the salt tax
Answer: D. Protesting the salt tax
Explanation: The Dandi March, led by Mahatma Gandhi, was a non-violent protest against the British monopoly on salt production and the associated tax imposed on the Indian people.
Question 5: Which leader gave the famous slogan, 'Give me blood, and I shall give you freedom'?
- Bhagat Singh
- Subhas Chandra Bose
- Chandrashekhar Azad
- Sardar Patel
Answer: B. Subhas Chandra Bose
Explanation: Subhas Chandra Bose, the leader of the Indian National Army, famously used this rallying cry to inspire Indians to join the struggle for independence.
Question 6: The 'Quit India' movement was launched in which year?
- 1945
- 1942
- 1920
- 1930
Answer: B. 1942
Explanation: The Quit India Movement, also known as the August Kranti, was launched in August 1942, demanding an orderly British withdrawal from India during World War II.
Question 7: Who served as the first Prime Minister of independent India?
- C. Rajagopalachari
- Jawaharlal Nehru
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
- Maulana Azad
Answer: B. Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru took office as the first Prime Minister of India on August 15, 1947, following the end of British colonial rule.
Question 8: Which movement was suspended by Gandhi after the Chauri Chaura incident?
- Home Rule League
- Civil Disobedience
- Swadeshi Movement
- Non-Cooperation
Answer: D. Non-Cooperation
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi called off the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922 after a violent clash between protesters and police occurred at Chauri Chaura, leading to loss of life.
Question 9: Who was the last Viceroy of British India?
- Lord Curzon
- Lord Mountbatten
- Lord Wavell
- Lord Irwin
Answer: B. Lord Mountbatten
Explanation: Lord Louis Mountbatten served as the final Viceroy of India and oversaw the transition of power and the partition of the country in 1947.
Question 10: Which act of 1909 is also known as the Morley-Minto Reforms?
- Indian Councils Act
- Arms Act
- Government of India Act
- Rowlatt Act
Answer: A. Indian Councils Act
Explanation: The Indian Councils Act of 1909, named after the Secretary of State and the Viceroy, introduced limited reforms and separate electorates for Muslims.